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The Broader Context of Telecomm and ICT Policy

e-Government will never achieve its full potential unless ICTs are widely affordable and accessible. Therefore, to some degree the success of e-Government depends on the broader ICT policy and regulatory framework, which can facilitate the development of communications services.

Over the past two decades, in many countries, the legal establishment of a competitive ICT market has been a key factor in expanding the communications infrastructures. The reforms include, among other policies –
  • the introduction and enforcement of competition and interconnection rules;
  • the establishment of strong, independent regulatory agencies;
  • the elimination or simplification of individual licensing requirements; and
  • the reform of spectrum management to promote wireless Internet access.
As a result of these policies and other factors, growth has been especially strong in the wireless sector. As the ITU concluded, “the introduction of competition into the second-generation mobile sector has been one of the key factors linked to its success in increasing teledensity in developing countries (along with prepaid cards and cheaper network deployment costs).” ITU, “Trends in Telecommunication Reform 2006: Regulating in the broadband world” (7th edition, 2006). Looking forward to the broadband world, the ITU also concluded, “Competition in international services, in particular, the international gateway, and leased lines, for example, is vital to ensuring low cost internet access.”

A full consideration of telecom and ICT policy is beyond the scope of this Toolkit. There are many resources available to assist developing countries in addressing the challenges of access and the development of ICT infrastructures. Chapter 12 of this Toolkit provides links to those resources.

Chapter 12: Infrastructure and the Digital Divide

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