In recent years, may countries have updated their criminal codes to clearly cover various forms of cyber-crime. Strictly speaking, cyber-crime involves intentional acts of interference with the confidentiality, availability or integrity of data or computer networks; interference with or disruption of computer services; destroying or altering data; interception of data in transit (unauthorized access to communications); and unauthorized access to data (cyber trespass). The Council of Europe has adopted a useful Convention on Cyber-crime.

However, it is best to recognize that the criminal law will have limited effect. The solution to the cyber crime problem requires international cooperation, better technology design, and the education of users.


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